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[BUNKA]

United States Patent 6,677,730
Bedini January 13, 2004
**Please see images for: ( Certificate of Correction ) **
Device and method for pulse charging a battery and for driving other devices with a pulse

Abstract

A two-phase solid-state battery charger can receive input energy from a variety of sources including AC current, a battery, a DC generator, a DC-to-DC inverter, solar cells or any other compatible source of input energy. Phase I is the charge phase and phase II the discharge phase wherein a signal or current passes through a dual timing switch that controls independently two channels dividing the two phases. The dual timing switch is controlled by a logic chip or pulse width modulator. A potential charge is allowed to build up in a capacitor bank, the capacitor bank is then disconnected from the energy input source and then pulse charged at high voltage into the battery to receive the charge. The momentary disconnection of the capacitor from the input energy source allows for a free-floating potential charge in the capacitor. Once the capacitor has completed discharging the potential charge into the battery, the capacitor disconnects from the battery and re-connects to the energy source thus completing the two-phase cycle.
Inventors: Bedini; John C. (Coeur d'Alene, ID)
Assignee: Energenx, Inc. (Coeur d'Alene, ID)
Appl. No.: 10/032,125
Filed: December 21, 2001

Current U.S. Class: 320/139
Current International Class: H02M 3/07 (20060101); H02M 3/04 (20060101); H02J 7/00 (20060101); H01M 010/44 (); H01M 010/46 ()
Field of Search: 320/103,124,125,129,130,139,166
References Cited [Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents

5307000 April 1994 Podrazhansky et al.
5477125 December 1995 Ettel et al.
5508598 April 1996 Al-Abassy
5550453 August 1996 Bohne et al.
5617005 April 1997 Brown, Jr. et al.
5627451 May 1997 Takeda
5684386 November 1997 Okada
5686815 November 1997 Reipur et al.
5694023 December 1997 Podrazhansky et al.
5705915 January 1998 Douglas et al.
5900718 May 1999 Tsenter
5912547 June 1999 Grabon
5945811 August 1999 Hasegawa et al.
5945812 August 1999 Choi
5998968 December 1999 Pittman et al.
6043631 March 2000 Tsenter
6060865 May 2000 Chen
6114839 September 2000 Takano et al.
6133713 October 2000 Brotto
6154011 November 2000 Lam et al.
6191560 February 2001 Sakakibara
6211651 April 2001 Nemoto
6229285 May 2001 Ding
6232750 May 2001 Podrazhansky et al.
6259231 July 2001 Hansen

Other References

US 6,175,216, 1/2001, Andersen et al. (withdrawn).

Primary Examiner: Tso; Edward H.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Walsh; Thomas G. Graybeal Jackson Haley LLP
Claims


What is claimed is:

1. A solid-state pulse battery charger wherein input power from a primary source is stored as a potential charge in a capacitor bank, said capacitor bank then disconnected from said input power source through a dual timing means, said capacitor then connected to a battery to receive the potential charge, the charge then discharged into said battery from said capacitor, said battery then disconnected from said capacitor through said dual timing means, said capacitor then re-connected to said input power source completing a two phase switching cycle comprising: a. a means for providing input power; b. a means for timing a signal and a current flow in two phases, a charge phase and a discharge phase, through either a first channel output for charging said capacitor bank, or a second channel output for discharging stored energy from said capacitor into said battery, the current flowing from said first channel output through a first optical isolator and through a first NPN power transistor, said first transistor activating a first pair of N-channel MOSFETs with voltage stored as the potential charge in said capacitor bank, said capacitor disconnecting from said input power means by said timing means; c. said means for timing current flow connecting to said second channel output, current flowing from said second channel through a second optical isolator and through a second NPN power transistor, said second transistor activating a second pair of N-channel MOSFETs, said capacitor connecting to said battery, the potential charge discharging into said battery, said timing means disconnecting said capacitor from said battery, and connecting said capacitor to said power means.

2. The pulse charger of claim 1 wherein the means for providing input power is an AC voltage current.

3. The pulse charger of claim 1 wherein the means for providing input power is a battery.

4. The pulse charger of claim 1 wherein the means for providing input power is a DC generator.

5. The pulse charger of claim 1 wherein the means for providing input power is an AC generator.

6. The pulse charger of claim 1 wherein the means for providing input power is a solar cell.

7. The pulse charger of claim 1 wherein the means for providing input power is a DC-to-DC inverter.

8. A method of making a solid-state pulse battery charger wherein input power from a primary source is stored as a potential charge in a capacitor bank, said capacitor disconnected from said input power source through a dual timing means, said capacitor connected to a battery to receive the potential charge, said charge discharged into said battery from said capacitor, said battery disconnected from said capacitor through said dual timing means, said capacitor reconnected to said input power source completing a two phase cycle comprising the steps of: a. providing a source of input power; b. connecting a means for dual-timing said charger to control a signal or current flow through a first channel output comprising a first optical isolator, a first NPN power transistor and a first pair of N-channel MOSFETs; c. capturing energy from said current and storing said energy in said capacitor bank thereby charging said capacitor; d. switching the flow of said current using said timing device to a second channel comprising a second optical isolator, a second NPN power transistor and a second pair of N-channel MOSFETs, thus disconnecting said capacitor from said power source and connecting said capacitor to said battery; e. discharging the potential charge into said battery; f. switching the flow of the current using said timing device to said power source and said first channel to complete said cycle.

9. The pulse charger of claim 8 wherein the means for providing input power is an AC voltage current.

10. The pulse charger of claim 8 wherein the means for providing input power is a battery.

11. The pulse charger of claim 8 wherein the means for providing input power is a DC generator.

12. The pulse charger of claim 8 wherein the means for providing input power is an AC generator.

13. The pulse charger of claim 8 wherein the means for providing input power is a solar cell.

14. The pulse charger of claim 8 wherein the means for providing input power is a DC-to-DC inverter.

15. A battery charger, comprising: a supply node; a charge node; a charge-storage device; and a switch circuit coupled to the supply and the charge nodes and the charge-storage device, the switch circuit operable to, charge the charge-storage device and prohibit a battery-charge current from flowing into the charge node during a battery-rest period; and allow the battery-charge current to flow from the charge-storage device into the charge node during a battery-charge period, and prohibit the battery-charge current from flowing into the charge node during a battery-rest period.

16. The battery charger of claim 15, further comprising: a capacitor coupled to the switch circuit; and wherein the switch circuit is operable to, allow the battery-charge current to from the capacitor into the charge node during the battery-charge period, and charge the capacitor during the battery-rest period.

17. A method, comprising: charging a battery during a first period of a charge cycle; and accumulating charge in a charge-storage device and prohibiting the charging of the battery during a second period of the charge cycle.

18. The method of claim 17 wherein: charging the battery comprises charging the battery with a charge current during the first period of the charge cycle; and prohibiting the charging of the battery comprises prohibiting the charge current from flowing into the battery during the second period of the charge cycle.

19. The method of claim 17, wherein: charging the battery comprises discharging the charge-storage device into the battery during the first period of the charge cycle; and prohibiting the charging of the battery comprises uncoupling the charge-storage device from the battery during the second period of the charge cycle.

20. The method of claim 17 wherein the charge-storage device comprises a capacitor.

21. The method of claim 17 wherein the length of the second period is related to a level of charge accumulated in the charge-storage device.

22. A method, comprising: discharging a charge-storage device into a battery during a first period of a battery-charge cycle; and uncoupling the charge-storage device from the battery and charging the charge-storage device during a second period of the battery-charge cycle.

23. The method of claim 22 wherein uncoupling the charge-storage device comprises uncoupling the charge-storage device from the battery before commencing charging of the charge-storage device.

24. The method of claim 22 wherein uncoupling the charge-storage uncoupling the charge-storage device from the battery after commencing charging of the charge-storage device.

25. The method of claim 22 wherein uncoupling the charge-storage device comprises simultaneously uncoupling the charge-storage device from the battery and commencing charging of the charge-storage device.
Description


TECHNICAL FIELD

The invention relates generally to a battery pulse charger using a solid-state device and method wherein the current going to the battery is not constant. The signal or current is momentarily switch-interrupted as it flows through either the first channel, the charge phase, or the second channel, the discharge phase. This two-phase cycle alternates the signal in the two channels thereby allowing a potential charge in a capacitor to disconnect from its power source an instant before the capacitor discharges its stored potential energy into a battery for receiving the capacitor's stored energy. The capacitor then disconnects from the battery and re-connects to the power source upon completion of the discharge phase, thereby completing charge-discharge cycle. The battery pulse charger can also drive devices, such as a motor and a heating element, with pulses.

BACKGROUND AND PRIOR ART

Present day battery chargers use a constant charge current in their operation with no momentary disconnection of the signal or current as it flows either: 1) from a primary energy source to the charger; or 2) from the charger itself into a battery for receiving the charge. Some chargers are regulated to a constant current by any of several methods, while others are constant and are not regulated. There are no battery chargers currently in the art or available wherein there is a momentary signal or current disconnection between the primary energy source and the charger capacitors an instant before the capacitors discharge the stored potential energy into a battery receiving the pulse charge. Nor are there any chargers in the art that disconnect the charger from the battery receiving the charge when the charger capacitors receive energy from the primary source. The momentary current interruption allows the battery a short "rest period" and requires less energy from the primary energy source while putting more energy into the battery receiving the charge while requiring a shorter period of time.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

One aspect of the invention relates to a solid-state device and method for creating a pulse current to pulse charge a battery or a bank of batteries in which a new and unique method is used to increase and preserve for a longer period of time the energy stored in the battery as compared to constant-current battery chargers. The device uses a timed pulse to create a waveform in a DC pulse to be discharged into the battery receiving the charge.

One embodiment of the Invention uses a means for dual switching such as a pulse width modulator (PWM), for example, a logic chip SG3524N PWM, and a means for optical coupling to a bank of high-energy capacitors to store a timed initial pulse charge. This is the charge phase, or phase I. The charged capacitor bank then discharges the stored high energy into the battery receiving the charge in timed pulses. Just prior to discharging the stored energy into the battery, the capacitor bank is momentarily disconnected from the power source, thus completing the charge phase, and thereby leaving the capacitor bank as a free-floating potential charge disconnected from the primary energy source to then be discharged into the battery. The transfer of energy from the capacitor bank to the battery completes the discharge phase, or phase II. The two-phase cycle now repeats itself.

This embodiment of the battery pulse charger works by transferring energy from a source, such as an AC source, to an unfiltered DC source of high voltage to be stored in a capacitor or a capacitor bank. A switching regulator is set to a timed pulse, for example, a one second pulse that is 180 degrees out of phase for each set of switching functions. The first function is to build the charge in the capacitor bank from the primary energy source; the second function is to disconnect the power source from the capacitor bank; the third function is to discharge the stored high voltage to the battery with a high voltage spike in a timed pulse, for example, a one second pulse; and the fourth function is to re-connect the capacitor bank to the primary energy source. The device operates through a two-channel on/off switching mechanism or a gauging/re-gauging function wherein the charger is disconnected from its primary energy source an instant before the pulse charger discharges the high-energy pulse into the battery to be charged. As the primary charging switch closes, the secondary discharging switch opens, and visa-versa in timed pulses to complete the two phase cycle.

The means for a power supply is varied with several options available as the primary energy source. For example, primary input energy may come from an AC source connected into the proper voltage (transformer); from an AC generator; from a primary input battery; from solar cells; from a DC-to-DC inverter; or from any other adaptable source of energy. If a transformer means is the source of primary input energy, it can be a standard rectifying transformer used in power supply applications or any other transformer means applicable to the desired function. For example, it can be a 120-volt to 45-volt AC step-down transformer, and the rectifier can be a full-wave bridge of 200 volts at 20 amps, which is unfiltered when connected to the output of the transformer. The positive output terminal of the bridge rectifier is connected to the drains of the parallel field-effect transistors, and the negative terminal is connected to the capacitor bank negative.

The Field Effect Transistor (FET) switches can be IRF260 FETs, or any other FET means to accomplish this function. All are in parallel to achieve the proper current of the pulses. Each FET may be connected through a 7-watt, 0.05-ohm resistor with a common bus connection at the source. All the FET gates may be connected through a 240-ohm resistor to a common bus. There also may be a 2 K-ohm resistor between the gates and the drain bus.

A transistor means, for example an MJE15024 transistor, as a driver for the gates, drives the bus and in turn, an optical coupler drives the driver transistor through the first channel. A first charging switch is used to charge the capacitor bank, which acts as a DC potential source to the battery. The capacitor bank is then disconnected from the power rectifier circuit. The pulse battery charger is then transferred to a second field effect switch through the second channel for the discharge phase. The discharge phase is driven by a transistor, the transistor driven by an optical coupler. With a second or discharge switch on, the capacitor bank potential charge is discharged into the battery to receive the charge. The battery receiving the charge is then disconnected from the pulse charger capacitor bank to repeat the cycle. The pulse charger may have any suitable source of input power including: 1) solar panels to raise the voltage to the capacitor bank; 2) a wind generator; 3) a DC-to-DC inverter; 4) an alternator; 5) an AC motor generator; 6) a static source such as a high voltage spark; and 7) other devices that can raise the potential of the capacitor bank.

In another embodiment of the invention, one can use the pulse charger to drive a device such as a motor or heating element with pulses of energy.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic drawing of a solid-state pulse charger according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic drawing of a conventional DC-to-DC converter that can be used to provide power to the pulse charger of FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic drawing of a conventional AC power supply that can be used to provide power to the pulse charger of FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIGS. 4A-D are schematic drawings of other conventional power supplies that can be used to provide power to the pulse charger of FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the solid-state pulse charger of FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram of a DC motor that the pulse charger of FIG. 1 can drive according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 7 is a diagram of a heating element that the pulse charger of FIG. 1 can drive according to an embodiment of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

An embodiment of the present invention is a device and method for a solid-state pulse charger that uses a stored potential charge in a capacitor bank. The solid-state pulse charger comprises a combination of elements and circuitry to capture and store available energy into a capacitor bank. The stored energy in the capacitors is then pulse charged into the battery to be charged. In one version of this embodiment, there is a first momentary disconnection between the charger and the battery receiving the charge during the charge phase of the cycle, and a second momentary disconnection between the charger and the input energy source during the discharge phase of the cycle.

As a starting point and an arbitrary method in describing this device and method, the flow of an electrical signal or current will be tracked from the primary input energy to final storage in the battery receiving the pulse charge.

FIG. 1 is a schematic drawing of the solid-state pulse charger according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the primary input energy source to the pulse charger is a power supply 11, examples of which are shown in FIGS. 2, 3, 4A-4D. A 12-volt battery, as a low voltage energy source 12, drives a dual switching means of control such as a logic chip or a pulse width modulator (PWM) 13. Alternatively, the voltage from the power supply 11 may be converted to a voltage suitable to power the PWM 13. The PWM 13 may be an SG3524N logic chip, and functions as an oscillator or timer to drive a 2-channel output with "on/off" switches that are connected when on to either a first optical isolator 14, or in the alternative, to a second optical isolator 15. The first and second optical isolators 14 and 15 may be H11D3 optical isolators. When the logic chip 13 is connected to a first channel, it is disconnected from a second channel, thus resulting in two phases of signal direction; phase I, a charge phase, and phase II, a discharge phase. When the logic chip 13 is switched to the charge phase, the signal flows to the first optical isolator 14. From the optical isolator 14, the signal continues its flow through a first NPN power transistor 16 that activates an N-channel MOSFET 18a and an N-channel MOSFET 18b. Current flowing through the MOSFETs 18a and 18b builds up a voltage across a capacitor bank 20, thereby completing the charge phase of the switching activity. The discharge phase begins when the logic chip 13 is switched to the second channel, with current flowing to the second optical isolator 15 and then through a second NPN power transistor 17, which activates an N-channel MOSFET 19a and an N-channel MOSFET 19b. After the logic chip 13 closes the first channel and opens the second channel, the potential charge in the capacitor bank 20 is free floating between the power supply 11, from which the capacitor bank 20 is now disconnected, and then connected to a battery 22 to receive the charge. It is at this point in time that the potential charge in the capacitor bank 20 is discharged through a high-energy pulse into the battery 22 or, a bank (not shown) of batteries. The discharge phase is completed once the battery 22 receives the charge. The logic chip 13 then switches the second channel closed and opens the first channel thus completing the charge-discharge cycle. The cycle is repetitive with the logic chip 13 controlling the signal direction into either channel one to the capacitor bank, or to channel two to the battery 22 from the capacitor bank. The battery 22 is given a momentary rest period without a continuous current during the charge phase.

The component values for the described embodiment are as follows. The resistors 24, 26, . . . 44b have the following respective values: 4.7K.OMEGA., 4.7K.OMEGA., 47K.OMEGA., 330.OMEGA., 330.OMEGA., 2K.OMEGA., 47.OMEGA., 47.OMEGA., 0.05.OMEGA.(7 W), 0.05.OMEGA.(7W), 2K.OMEGA., 47.OMEGA., 47.OMEGA., 0.05.OMEGA.(7 W), and 0.05.OMEGA.(7W). The potentiometer 46 is 10K.OMEGA., the capacitor 48 is 22 .mu.F, and the total capacitance of the capacitor bank 20 is 0.132F. The voltage of the battery 22 is between 12-24 V, and the voltage of the power supply 11 is 24-50 V such that the supply voltage is approximately 12-15 V higher than the battery voltage.

Other embodiments of the pulse charger are contemplated. For example, the bipolar transistors 16 and 17 may be replaced with field-effect transistors, and the transistors 18a, 18b, 19a, and 19b may be replaced with bipolar or insulated-gate bipolar (IGBT) transistors. Furthermore, one can change the component values to change the cycle time, the peak pulse voltage, the amount of charge that the capacitor bank 20 delivers to the battery 22, etc. In addition, the pulse charger can have one or more than two transistors 18a and 18b, and one or more than two transistors 19a and 19b.

Still referring to FIG. 1, the operation of the above-discussed embodiment of the pulse charger is discussed.

To begin the first phase of the cycle during which the capacitor bank 20 is charged, the logic circuit 13 deactivates the isolator 15 and activates the isolator 14. Typically, the circuit 13 is configured to deactivate the isolator 15 before or at the same time that it activates the isolator 14, although the circuit 13 may be configured to deactivate the isolator 15 after it activates the isolator 14.

Next, the activated isolator 14 generates a base current that activates the transistor 16, which in turn generates a current that activates the transistors 18a and 18b.

The activated transistors 18a and 18b charge the capacitors in the bank 20 to a charge voltage equal or approximately equal to the voltage of the power supply 11 less the lowest threshold voltage of the transistors 18a and 18b. To begin the second phase of the cycle during which the capacitor bank 20 pulse charges the battery 22, the logic circuit 13 deactivates the isolator 14 and activates the isolator 15. Typically, the circuit 13 is configured to deactivate the isolator 14 before or at the same time that it activates the isolator 15, although the circuit 13 may be configured to deactivate the isolator 14 after it activates the isolator 15.

Next, the activated isolator 15 generates a base current that activates the transistor 17, which in turn generates a current that activates the transistors 19a and 19b.

The activated transistors 19a and 19b discharge the capacitors in the bank 20 into the battery 22 until the voltage across the bank 20 is or is approximately equal to the voltage across the battery 22 plus the lowest threshold voltage of the transistors 19a and 19b. Alternatively, the circuit 13 can deactivate the isolator 15 at a time before the bank 20 reaches this level of discharge. Because the resistances of the transistors 19a and 19b, the resistors 44a and 44b, and the battery 22 are relatively low, the capacitors in the bank 20 discharge rather rapidly, thus delivering a pulse of current to charge the battery 22. For example, where the pulse charger includes components having the values listed above, the bank 20 delivers a pulse of current having a duration of or approximately of 100 ms and a peak of or approximately of 250 A.

FIG. 2 is a schematic drawing of a conventional DC-to-DC converter 30 that can be used as the power supply 11 of FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the invention. A DC-to-DC converter converts a low DC voltage to a higher DC voltage or vice-versa. Therefore, such a converter can convert a low voltage into a higher voltage that the pulse charger of FIG. 1 can use to charge the capacitor bank 20 (FIG. 1). More specifically, the converter 30 receives energy from a source 31 such as a 12-volt battery. An optical isolator sensor 33 controls an NPN power transistor 31, which provides a current to a primary coil 36 of a power transformer 32. A logic chip or pulse width modulator (PWM) 34 alternately switches on and off an IRF260 first N-channel MOSFET 35a and an IRF260 second N-channel MOFSET 35b such that when the MOSFET 35a is on the MOSFET 35b is off and vice-versa. Consequently, the switching MOSFETS 35a and 35b drive respective sections of the primary coil 36 to generate an output voltage across a secondary coil 38. A full-wave bridge rectifier 39 rectifies the voltage across the secondary coil 38, and this rectified voltage is provided to the pulse charger of FIG. 1. Furthermore, the secondary coil 38 can be tapped to provide a lower voltage for the PWM 13 of FIG. 1 such that the DC-to-DC converter 30 can be used as both the power supply 11 and the low-voltage supply 12 of FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a schematic drawing of an AC power supply 40 that can be used as both the power supply 11 and the power supply 12 of FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the invention. The power input 42 to the supply 40 is 120 VAC. A first transformer 44 and full-wave rectifier 46 compose the supply 11, and a second transformer 48, full-wave rectifier 50, and voltage regulator 52 compose the supply 12.

FIGS. 4A-D are schematic drawings of various conventional primary energy input sources that can be used as the supply 11 and/or the supply 12 of FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the invention. FIG. 4A is a schematic drawing of serially coupled batteries; FIG. 4B is a schematic drawing of serially coupled solar cells; FIG. 4C is a schematic drawing of an AC generator; and FIG. 4D is a schematic drawing of a DC generator.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the solid-state pulse charger of FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the invention. Block A is the power supply 11, which can be any suitable power supply such as those shown in FIGS. 2, 3, 4A-4D. Block B is the power supply 12, which can be any suitable power supply such as a 12 VDC supply or the supply shown in FIG. 3. Block C is the PWM 13 and its peripheral components. Block D is the charge switch that includes the first optical isolator chip 14, the first NPN power transistor 16, the first set of two N-channel MOSFETs 18a and 18b, and their peripheral resistors. Block E is the capacitor bank 20. Block F is the discharge switch that includes the second optical isolator chip 15, the second NPN power transistor 17, the second set of two N-channel MOSFETs 19a and 19b, and their peripheral resistors. Block G is the battery 22 that is being pulse charged.

A unique feature that distinguishes one embodiment of the above-described pulse charger from conventional chargers is the method charging the battery with pulses of current instead of with a continuous current. Consequently, the battery is given a reset period between pulses.

FIG. 6 is a diagram of a DC motor 60 that the pulse charger of FIG. 1 can drive according to an embodiment of the invention. Specifically, one can connect the motor 60 in place of the battery 22 (FIG. 1) such that the pulse charger drives the motor with pulses of current. Although one need not modify the pulse charger to drive the motor 60, one can modify the pulse charger to make it more efficient for driving the motor. For example, one can modify the values of the resistors peripheral to the PWM 13 (FIG. 1) to vary the width and peak of the drive pulses from the capacitor bank 20 (FIG. 1).

FIG. 7 is a diagram of a heating element 70, such as a dryer- or water-heating element, that the pulse charger of FIG. 1 can drive according to an embodiment of the invention. Specifically, one can connect the heating element 70 in place of the battery 22 (FIG. 1) such that the pulse charger drives the element with pulses of current. Although one need not modify the pulse charger to drive the element 70, one can modify the pulse charger to make it more efficient for driving the element. For example, one can modify the values of the resistors peripheral to the PWM 13 (FIG. 1) to vary the width and peak of the drive pulses from the capacitor bank 20 (FIG. 1).

In the embodiments discussed above, specific electronic elements and components are used. However, it is known that a variety of available transistors, resistors, capacitors, transformers, timing components, optical isolators, pulse width modulators, MOSFETs, and other electronic components may be used in a variety of combinations to achieve an equivalent result. Finally, although the invention has been described with reference of particular means, materials and embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the particulars disclosed and extends to all equivalents within the scope of the claims.

[echo]

BUNKA, te asteptam cu morisca...

ceea ce spune ala mai sus este un precursor al sursei de alimentare CC in comutatie, la o alta scara, folosind trenuri de MOSFET-uri, probabil in loc de triace, cum sunt schemele clasice...

Oricum nu are nimic de a face cu producerea energiei gratuite...
Nu amestecvam modul de viata, in care poti sa optezi pentru supermarket sau ferma proprie mai mica sau mai mare, cu utopii care contrazic legile fizicii...

Tu optezi sa crezi un neica-nimeni de pe youtube, care a descoperit la el in garaj masina timpului de facut curent gratuit impachetat in acumulatori. Pentru veridicitate isi trage aproape un osciloscop si un frecventzmetru, ca de.. arata bine, sare unda frumos pe ecran ! Cu niste pseudo formule gresit aplicate si intelese, demostreaza cum ii vine lui plusul de energie din... cosmos...
Omul bineinteles ca e o somitate in materie... doar e la el in garaj... si e unanim recunoscut pe ... youtube... impreuna cu motorul de Oltcit pe baza de apa si aparatul de sudura prin hidroliza... (nu fac misto, am vazut tot pe youtube multi diletanti.. ).
Fiecvare e liber sa aleaga in ceea ce crede si nu ma refer aici la conspiratii sau non-conspiratii ci la fizica pura...

Totusi, pana una alta, fizica spune ca din nimic obtii cel mult nimic... iar fizica e una pentru toti, fie ca esti savantul savantilor sau ultimul cersetor de pe strada... marul tot in cap iti cade, acceleratia gravitationala e una si aceeasi, constanta Plank e una, PI e unul singur, lungimea metrului este in continuare in stransa relatie cu lugimea de unda a atomului de Kripon (parca) si etc, ... restul sunt povesti.. (din aceeasi catogorie cu centralele termice si pompele de caldura cu "randament" 105....113% )

[BUNKA]

Problema e ca marul nu-ti pica in cap oriunde ci doar aici...legile fizicii pe care le invoci sunt relative, si asta a n-o zic eu.
N-ai inteles, nu stiu ce-ai tradus tu...dar n-ai tradus bine, daca iei putin schema electrica in fatza, si mai citesti odata traducerea facuta de un traducator autorizat, o sa incepi sa intelegi ..probabil!
Stii ce se intampla cu campul magnetic la fiecare trecere a unui magnet prin dreptul bobinei??...normal ca nu stii, ca daca ai sti, inseamna ca ai intelege perfect ce a facut John Bedini (R.I.P.). Da, totul e facut cu mosfeturi si diode, si tranzistori, bobine etc...nu a folosit cine stie ce avioane, insa conteaza felul in care a facut acea schema electrica care e in deplina concordanta cu ceea ce se intampla cu campul magnetic...ca se autopropulseaza, poti sa fii sigur de asta, se poate demonstra usor...asta legat de perpetuum mobile care de 200 de ani e declarat de academii ca fiind nerealizabil.
Au trecut intre timp 200 de ani...
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VYtUL8OU7s4

[augustin]

"Mai, isi mai aduce cineva aminte de "perpetuum mobile" ala cu barzoiul care se pendula in paharul cu apa ca sa "bea" ?? Facut din lemn, statea pe birou si se misca intruna... nu avea baterii, nu avea fire, nu avea NIMIC si totusi se misca... CUM ??
Hai sa va vad...."

Era o chestie interesanta: lichidul din corpul barzoiului se evapora si i se urca la cap. Acolo condenseaza iar capul i se ingreuneaza si zbang, cu mecla-n pahar. Pana-si revine, iar lichidul se raceste si se ingreuneaza corpul, astfel ca barzoiul revine iar in pozitie verticala. Atata timp cat barzoiul va avea acces la vasul cu beutura, miscarea va continua. Daca-i iei paharul, se va inclina, va vomita tot si va ramane nemiscat. Nu este, in nici un caz un perpetuum mobile.

[augustin]

Poza nu prea e corecta, dar promit sa revin

[augustin]

Am gasit :

[BUNKA]

asa functioneaza circuitul asta... http://www.youtube.com/watch?NR=1&featu ... i7cmUpMdX8
are mai multe..
sau asta http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3YN6h2Qg ... re=related trebuie sa mariti imaginea pt a vedea exact cum functioneaza circuitul

[augustin]

Dar cine actioneaza magnetul?

[BUNKA]

Cel mai simplu "perpetuum mobile" electric pe care-l puteti face intr-un garaj http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fv53K9Mn ... re=related asta a fost prima idee a mea, si care am gasit-o apoi pe net, functioneaza, se poate face, numai ca plusul nu e foarte mare...si motoarele alea nu pot fi mentinute incontinuu cat sa alimenteze un bank de baterii.
E un generator, care e pus in miscare de un motor, se porneste motorul, motorul antreneaza generatorul, apoi se comuta alimentarea motorului de pe priza pe alimentarea din generator, apoi se decupleaza de la priza...la iesirea din generator se obtine un plus de curent electric...se poate face numai ca limitarea este in faptul ca nu poti tine jucaria in continuu in miscare, se produce energie termica ce se pierde inutil...nu are un randament ideal, plus ca nici motoarele alea n-ar suporta sa mearga intr-una.

[BUNKA]

Dar cine actioneaza magnetul?

Magnetul e magnet, si este respins de catre bobina, bobina are infasurare dubla...din sursa de alimentare primara se alimenteaza una din infasurari, aia pune in miscare roata, restul e doar vorba de un circuit destept care rezoneaza cu campurile magnetice care apar intre bobine si magnetii permanenti. pot sa-ti explic mai detaliat daca vrei...oricum in momentul in care circuitul primar pune in miscare roata pe care sunt fixati magnetii, in cel secundar se induce un curent care alimenteaza circuitul...energia radianta apare de fapt la prabusirea campului magnetic odata ce magnetul trece de bobina...acolo apare smecheria.

Lumea nu intelege de fapt ca una e sa alimentezi un circuit cu energie electrica conventionala, care sa genereze aceeasi energie electrica conventionala ca in cazul exemplului cu motorul ce antreneaza generatorul...e un sistem independent, dar care nu este viabil in timp, si cu un randament destul de scazut....si alta e sa folosesti un circuit electric conventional, si un camp magnetic pentru captarea unei forme de energii diferita ...ea apare la prabusirea campului magnetic, este diferita pt ca nu poate fi masurata cu aparatele, se poate masura doar punand consumatori, si functie de consum iti dai seama ce ai acolo...ce-ti arata aparatele de masura este eronat...de fapt energia negativa este mult mai mare, si "rece"..este contramanifestarea electrica a energiei electrice...Legea a 3-a a lui Newton ne zice ceva in sensul asta!!

[BUNKA]

La nivel de experiment pt a va lamuri ca treaba e veridica puteti folosi un magnetou de motocicleta care se modifica.. in felul asta... http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nlO8UDsc ... watch-vrec

doua din infasurari pe diagonala fac parte din circuitul primar care pune in miscare jucaria... este vorba de acelasi principiu, aceleasi circuite, dar facute la scara mica, si care arata ce se intampla.

[augustin]

''Magnetul e magnet, si este respins de catre bobina, bobina are infasurare dubla...din sursa de alimentare primara se alimenteaza una din infasurari, aia pune in miscare roata, restul e doar vorba de un circuit destept care rezoneaza cu campurile magnetice care apar intre bobine si magnetii permanenti. pot sa-ti explic mai detaliat daca vrei...oricum in momentul in care circuitul primar pune in miscare roata pe care sunt fixati magnetii, in cel secundar se induce un curent care alimenteaza circuitul...energia radianta apare de fapt la prabusirea campului magnetic odata ce magnetul trece de bobina...acolo apare smecheria.''

Aceasta e descrierea motorului cu magneti permanenti. Asta consuma energie, nu o produce. Ca sa-l transform intr-un generator, magnetul trebuie actionat de o forta exterioara. Nu exista nici un sistem care sa genereze energie prin el insusi.

[BUNKA]

Totusi, pana una alta, fizica spune ca din nimic obtii cel mult nimic... iar fizica e una pentru toti, fie ca esti savantul savantilor sau ultimul cersetor de pe strada... marul tot in cap iti cade, acceleratia gravitationala e una si aceeasi, constanta Plank e una, PI e unul singur, lungimea metrului este in continuare in stransa relatie cu lugimea de unda a atomului de Kripon (parca) si etc, ... restul sunt povesti.. (din aceeasi catogorie cu centralele termice si pompele de caldura cu "randament" 105....113% )

Gresit total Echo...in primul rand ceea ce ai tu impresia ca e nimic in jurul tau de fapt sunt atomi care au in componenta electroni, deci nu e NIMIC...e molecula de aer care este incarcata energetic, deci aici ai dat-o nasol. Fizica este foarte limitata la momentul asta asa cum era foarte limitata si acum 500 de ani, si cum va fi si peste 500 de ani de aici incolo...domeniul este mult prea vast si cuprinzator ca sa te raportezi la el ca la ceva fix, de referintza...Hai sa te incui...sau sa te aduc acolo unde vreau eu...explica-mi cum se produce fulgerul si de unde vine energia aceea care unii gresit o numesc electrostatica.
Iti dau eu o idee...de la soare, si este peste tot in jurul tau, desi probabil tu ai impresia ca in jurul tau nu e nimic, adica aerul din jurul tau e nimic...
Nu poti vorbi la modul general de fizica si sa te raportezi la ea ca la un sistem de referinta in situatia in care "TU" crezi doar in ceea ce percepi.
' Nimicul din 'tau...nu e tocmai nimic!!

[BUNKA]

''Magnetul e magnet, si este respins de catre bobina, bobina are infasurare dubla...din sursa de alimentare primara se alimenteaza una din infasurari, aia pune in miscare roata, restul e doar vorba de un circuit destept care rezoneaza cu campurile magnetice care apar intre bobine si magnetii permanenti. pot sa-ti explic mai detaliat daca vrei...oricum in momentul in care circuitul primar pune in miscare roata pe care sunt fixati magnetii, in cel secundar se induce un curent care alimenteaza circuitul...energia radianta apare de fapt la prabusirea campului magnetic odata ce magnetul trece de bobina...acolo apare smecheria.''

Aceasta e descrierea motorului cu magneti permanenti. Asta consuma energie, nu o produce. Ca sa-l transform intr-un generator, magnetul trebuie actionat de o forta exterioara. Nu exista nici un sistem care sa genereze energie prin el insusi.

Sa inteleg ca ai studiat motorul PREVENDEV??? Motoarele cu magneti permanenti???...E un inceput sa stii, de acolo am inceput si eu...Prevendev fuctioneaza tot asa, un miez ca un cilindru, pe care sunt fixati magneti cilindrici, orientati cu N-ordul la exterior, si dispusi la un anumit unghi fata de axa cilindrului, apoi o carcasa care se desface in doua, mecanic, iar pe carcasa sunt fixati magneti permanenti cilindrici care sunt orientati cu N-ordul spre interiorul cilindrului...in momentul cand carcasa se inchide, atunci datorita unghiului de dispunere a magnetilor si a campului magnetic creat in interior...campurilor de fapt ca sunt doua care se resping...apare miscarea.
Da, se consuma energie magnetica, iar daca magnetii sunt Neodimium, jucaria produce miscare FOREVER fara sa consume nici un Gauss in 100 de ani.


Daca continui studiul te apropii incet incet ... http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zE9sV6_D_NY

[BUNKA]

Ca tot vorbeam de academii...uite acolo academie!!

[BUNKA]

Asta-i modul de dispunere al magnetilor si la motorul Prevendev...e simplu, folosirea fortei magnetilor pentru a crea miscare...e ceva, insa nu e nici pe departe ceea ce a inventat Bedini.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yb3L4w5n ... re=related

Uite ca se poate face folosind niste campuri magnetice si cum se poate obtine miscare, cum se poate accelera sau opri prin varierea distantei intre campuri, sau a unghiurilor...

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6_41btVa ... re=related

Daca vrei sa intelegi poti, si daca esti mai avid de cunoastere o iei de la fotoni si gravitoni, ce este campul magnetic, ce este gravitatia, cum se produce ea, etc
V-am zis eu, ca e de invatzat mult de tot...pacat e ca omul invatza repede tot ce trebuie pana la o varsta dupa care nu mai acumuleaza nimic ci doar foloseste ce a invatzat...de aia nu sunt prea multi de Einstein printre noi...ne ia valul vietii si in loc sa invatzam in continuare, ne punem singuri limite.